Perl 6

Perl 6 Index Tablet: Revision 65

"Overview"[Perl 6 Tablets] - _Chapter:_ "0:Intr"[Perl 6 Intro Tablet], "1:Hist"[Perl 6 History Tablet], "2:Design"[Perl 6 Language Design Tablet], "3:Var"[Perl 6 Variables Tablet], "4:Op"[Perl 6 Operators Tablet], 5:IO, 6:{}, 7:Sub, 8:OOP, 9:Rx - _Appendices:_ *"A:Index"[Perl 6 Index Tablet]*, "B:Tables"[Perl 6 Lookup Tablet], "C:Best of"[Best Of Perl 6 Tablet], "D:Delta"[Perl 6 Delta Tablet], "E:Links"[Perl 6 Links Tablet]

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{link: A} | {link: B} | {link: C} | {link: D} | {link: E} | {link: F} | {link: G} | {link: H} | {link: I} | {link: J} | {link: K} | {link: L} | {link: M} | {link: N} | {link: O} | {link: P} | {link: Q} | {link: R} | {link: S} | {link: T} | {link: U} | {link: V} | {link: W} | {link: X} | {link: Y} | {link: Z}

This index contains an alphanumeric sorted list of all operators, methods, builtins, options *(bold)* and some technical terms _(italic)_ with short explanations. Each bold term is followed by a link to a condensed summary of its category in appendix B.

* *!* - logical negation, forces binary context;
* *!* "(twigil)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Twigils} - twigil of private class and object variables
* *!*<op> "(meta op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Metaoperators} - negates (mostly comparsion operators)
* *!!* - second Part of the ternary (conditional) operator after ??
* *!!!* (yadda op) - yadda Operator that calles die
* *{{""}}* "(quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - double quoting, interpolate with :s, :a, :h, :f, :c, :b (all vars, functions, blocks, control chars), alias to qq//*
* *#* - starts a comment that continues to the end of the line or bracket; works even inside regexes as "(regex Metachar)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Metacharacter}
* *$* "(sigil)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Sigils} - prefix of scalar vars
* *$()* "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers} - forces scalar context, alias to *scalar()*
* *$* "(regex Metachar)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Metacharacter} - end of the string
* *$$* "(regex Metachar)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Metacharacter} - end of a line
* *%* "(sigil)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Sigils} - prefix of hash variables
* *%* - gives remainder of a modulo division, forces numeric context
* *%()* "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers} - forces hash context, alias to the *hash()* function
* *&* "(sigil)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Sigils} - sigil of coderefs
* *&* - junctive and, requires that all conditions are met
* *&* "(regex Metachar)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Metacharacter} - match multiple patterns (AND - connection of patterns)
* *&&* - logical and, conditonal statements, ends evaluation on the first false expression, returns boolean result
* *''* "(quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - simple quoting, just / and ' needs o be quoted, alias to q//
* *()* - grouping of values (parameters)
* *()* "(regex Metachar)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Metacharacter} - encompass a subregex/submatch
* *{{*}}* _(scalar num op)_ - multiplies numbers and forces numeric context on parameters;
* *{{*}}* _(term)_ - synonym for Inf (Whatever) in connection with a Range operator (".."); marks the end of an array in a slice operator so that negative indices access array elements relative to one beyond the final element
* *{{*}}* - marks as prefix slurpy arrays in signatures
* *{{*}}* "(twigil)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Twigils} - secondary sigil of global variables
* *{{**}}* _(scalar num op)_ - raises a number to a power and forces numeric context
* *{{**}}* "(regex Metachar)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Metacharacter} - multiplies char or group like x _(scalar strig op)_ outside of regex, (ha)**3 equals (hahaha)
* *+* "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers}, (scalar num op) - forces numeric context of values and adds results
* *+&* _(scalar num op)_ - bitwise and, numeric context
* *++* _(prefix & suffix op)_ - generic autoincrement, calls internal iterator of that object, before (prefix) or after (suffix) the evaluation of the surrounding term
* *+<* _(scalar num op)_ - shift left in numeric kontext
* *+>* _(scalar num op)_ - shift right in numeric kontext
* *+^* _(scalar num op)_ - bitwise xor in numeric context
* *+|* _(scalar num op)_ - bitwise or in numeric context
* *,* - list generating operator
* *{{-}}* - forces numeric context and subtract
* *--* _(prefix & suffix op)_ - generic autodecrement, calls internal iterator of that object, before (prefix) or after (suffix) the evaluation of the surrounding term
* *-->* - alternative syntax to type a parameter
* {{->}} - assigns a named parameter for a block (pointy block)
* *.* - secondary sigil for public accessors (getter/setter)
* *.* "(regex Metachar)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Metacharacter} - really any character (unlike Perl 5)
* *..* - range generating operator; range object in scalar context, see smartmatch table
* *...* (yadda op) - yadda Operator that calles fail (exception)
* */* - division, numeric context
* *//* - returns the first defined value, similar to *orelse*
* *{{\0[<n>]}}* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - character given in octal (brackets optional)
* *:* - pair generation operator
* *:* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - start of all file text ops, syntax: {{":"}} ~ one (<r w x o R W X O e z s f d l p S b c t u g k T B M A C>)
* *:* "(twigil)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Twigils} - for autogenerated named parameters of a block
* *:b<n>* - makes a number n in base b (up to 36), for example :2<1000001> is 65
* *:* - marks as prefix named parameter in a signature
* *:* - (flow control) - endchar of all labels, jou can jump to (see also goto)
* *::* "(sigil)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Sigils} - abstraction sigil, name space separator (like in Perl 5)
* *::=* - binding a value or variable to a variable at compile time
* *:=* - creates an alias to a variable at runtime (binding)
* *;* - seperates commands (statements) or array indices eg {{@[2;3] instead of @a[2][3]}}
* *<* - less than, numeric comparison operator
* *<>* double pointy syntax to assign a rw parameter to a block*
* *<<* "(meta op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Metaoperators} - applies the operator on the left as hyper operator to the array on the right
* *<<==* - leftward pointing feed operator that adds values to an existing list (append-mode)
* *<<>>* "(quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - circumfix quoting operator for grouping with autoquoting and evaluation (alias to Q :qq :ww /.../)
* *<=* - less than or equal, numeric comparison operator
* *<==* - leftward pointing feed operator
* *<=>* - numeric less-equal-greater comparison for Order class
* *<>* "(quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - circumfix quoting operator for grouping with autoquoting (alias to Q :q :ww /.../)
* *<>* "(regex Metachar)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Metacharacter} - embraces an subrule (assertion)
* *=* _(Op)_ - assignment, left side is evaluated and assigned to the right
* *{{<op>=}}* "(meta op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Metaoperators} - self assignment, left side is one oper and the result is assigned to ($a += 3; equals $a = $a + 3)
* *=:=* _(Op)_ - compares binding, if both vars are bound to same memory location
* *==* _(Op)_ - equality of value (numeric)
* *===* _(Op)_ - equality of value and type
* *==>* _(Op)_ - rightward pointing feed operator
* *==>>* _(Op)_ - rightward pointing feed operator that adds values to an existing list (append-mode)
* *=>* _(Op)_ - pair (and hash) constructor, _fatarrow_
* *>* _(Op)_ - greater than, numeric comparison operator; ends grouping with autoquoting (formerly qw())
* *>=* _(Op)_ - greater than or equal, numeric comparison Op
* *>>* "(meta op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Metaoperators} - binds operator (right) as hyper operator to an array (left)
* *?* "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers} - forces binary context in an expression
* *?* - marks as postfix optional parameters in signatures
* *?* - quantifier for 0 or 1 occurrence in Regexes
* *?* "(twigil)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Twigils} - secondary sigil for constant compiler hint variables
* *?&* - logical op, and combinator, forces binary context
* *?? !!* - ternary or conditional operator
* *???* (yadda op) - yadda operator that calles warn
* *?^* - logical xor, forces operands into boolean context
* *?|* - logical or, forces operands into boolean context
* *@* "(sigil)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Sigils} - sigil of an array
* *@()* "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers} - forces (flattened) array context, alias to *array()* function
* *@@()* "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers} - forces slice context, meaning an array that may contain array references (not flattened), alias to *slice()* function
* *<var>[]* - postcircumfix operator, appended on an array var, returns an array slice with values which indexes was inside the brackets
* *[]* - circumfix operator that creates a reference to an array that holds all values that encompas these brackets
* *[]* "(meta op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Metaoperators} - circumfix reduction metaop, close to functional "reduce", applies the operator between all elements of an array
* *{{[\<op>]}}* "(meta op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Metaoperators} - circumfix reduction metaop, applies above reduction to a series of lists made of array slices ranging in length from 1 to the complete length of the original list
* *\* - capture operator, creates a reference to the following structure
* *\* - escape char, all escape sequences inside "quotes"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Control Chars} and "regexes"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} start with it
* *^* - junctive xor, requires that one value in a list is true
* *^* - upto operator, ^$limit expands to 0 ..^ +$limit range
* *^* - in range definitions, it excludes a limit value, in scalar context see smartmatch
* *^* "(twigil)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Twigils} - for autogenerated positional parameters of a block, position results from alphabetical order of all $^-Variables
* *^* _(regex Metachar)_ - start of the string
* *^^* - logical xor, combines expressions, returns true when only one expression is true, otherwise false
* *^^* _(regex Metachar)_ - start of a line
* *{}* - circumfix operator: encloses blocks and creates a coderef, or a hashref when it is identified as a hash or contains a '=>'
* *|* (junctive op) - junctive or, requires that a condition is fulfilled
* *|* "(regex Metachar)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Metacharacter} - match alternate patterns (OR - connection of patterns)
* *|()* "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers} - flatten capture object into arglist
* *||* - logical or, evaluates sequentially, ends evaluation at the first expression that returns true
* *||()* "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers} - flatten capture object into semicolon list
* *~* "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers}, (scalar string op) - forces string context (stringify) and/or concatenate strings, synonym for cat
* *~&* - characterwise and, forces string context
* *~<* - characterwise left shift, forces string context
* *~>* - characterwise right shift, forces string context
* *~^* - characterwise xor, forces string context
* *~|* - characterwise or, forces string context
* *~~* - smartmatch operator, compares (almost) all data types

^^ A

* *:a* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - demands evaluation of array variables, short form of ":array", included in "", qq and {{<<>>}}
* *:a* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - no distinction between same chars with or without accent (funny symbols above), short for ":ignoreaccent"
* *:aa* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - only for substitutions, replacing with chars that have the same accent pattern as the replaced, short for ":sameaccent"
* *abs* _(scalar num op)_ - returns numeric absolute value
* *after* - comparison operator used by the Order class, true if left should follow right
* *all* - junctive AND operator
* *and* - logical AND operator
* *andthen* - logical AND short circuit operator, transferring $_ from first to second block/command, if first do succeed
* *Any* "(undefined value type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Undefined types} - Perl 6 object (default routine parameter type, excludes junction)
* *any* - junctive OR operator
* *Array* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable types} - Perl Array, a series of *Scalar* value container, or a variable that stores such a list
* *array()* "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers} - forces array context, alias to *@()*
* *:array* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - demands evaluation of array variables, long form of ":a", included in "", qq and {{<<>>}}
* *as* _(scalar method)_ - converts like sprintf
* *as* "(routine trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_traits} - inner type constraint that a routine imposes on its return value
* *assoc* "(routine trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_traits} - specifies the associativity of an operator explicitly ("as seen here"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] operator_associativity})
* *assuming* - method of all subroutine reference objects that enables Currying
* _AST_ - (abstract syntax tree), tree like data structure, in which source code is transformed, before running the programm
* *async* _(block modifier)_ - allows the interpreter to parallelize the following

^^ B

* *:b* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - file is a block special file (e.g. Harddisks, CDROMs and RAM areas)
* *:b* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - forces evaluation of "escape sequences"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] escape_sequences}, short form of ":backslash", included in "", qq and {{<<>>}}
* *\B* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - Match when not on a word boundary
* *\b* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - word boundary
* *:backslash* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - forces evaluation of "escape sequences"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] escape_sequences}, long form of ":b", included in "", qq and {{<<>>}}
* _Backtracking_ - go after an unsuccessful match back to the last successful matching position and check if another alternative part of the regex matches
* *Bag* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - unordered collection of values that allows duplicates
* *before* - comparison operator used by the Order class, true when left should precede right
* *BEGIN* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block or statement, executed at compile time, ASAP, only ever runs once
* _Binding_ - making two variables share the same contents
* *Bit* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Perl single bit (allows traits, aliasing, undef, etc.)
* *Blob* - "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - An undifferentiated mass of bits
* *Block* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Executable objects that have lexical scopes (enclosed by curly braces)
* *Bool* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Perl boolean
* *break* "(flow control)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Jump Commands} - leave this when clause block now
* *Buf* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - Perl buffer (a stringish array of memory locations)
* *but* - alters properties of a variable at run time
* *bytes* _(scalar string method)_ - returns number of bytes used (a sort of length)
* *:bytes* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching on byte level, (see also chars, codes, graphs)

^^ C

* *:c* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - file is a character special file (e.g. terminals modems)
* *:c* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - forces evaluation of closures (blocks aka {{{ ... }}}) inside quotes, long form of ":closure", included in "", qq and {{<<>>}}
* *:c*(<n>) "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching from nth (n is an int) position (counting from 0) and then going to the right, short for ":continue"
* *\C[<n>]* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - any character except the bracketed named or control character
* *\c[<n>]* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - named character or control character
* *cached* "(routine trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_traits} - marks a subroutine as being memoized
* *call* - execute a subroutine
* *caller* - object describing the code from which as routine was invoked
* *callwith* - submethode by which one can call a sub with a different signature
* *capitalize* - alias to ucirst(lc($_)), makes first char of every word upper case, rest lowercase
* *Capture* - "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Function call arguments (right-hand side of a binding)
* *cat* - concatenes strings, synonym for '~' and array method
* *CATCH* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block to catch exceptions, before LEAVE
* *category* _(grammatical category)_ - namespace of grammatical categories, in case you want to create a new one with a macro
* *chars* _(scalar string method)_ - returns number of characters {section: ch}
* *:chars* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching on character level (default), (see also bytes, codes, graphs)
* *chdir* - changes the current working directory ($*CWD)
* *CHECK* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block or statement, executed at compile time, ALAP, only ever runs once
* *chmod* - changes access rights of files
* *chomp* _(scalar method)_ - returns a string with the last newline (if there is one) removed
* *chop* _(scalar method)_ - returns a string with the last character removed
* *chown* - changes owner of files
* *circumfix* _(grammatical category)_ - operator namespace of ops, that stay after one statement or variable, but do surround a second (like braces in $a[2])
* *class* _(block modifier)_ - declares a collection of methods that define an object
* *classify* _(array method)_ - special form of map, to classify input values; the return value of the closure determines, under which key the value appears in the resulting hash
* *close* - methode on Filehandle class, ending the connection with a file
* *:closure* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - forces evaluation of closures (blocks aka {{{ ... }}}) inside quotes, long form of ":c", included in "", qq and {{<<>>}}
* _closure_ - routines whose state (content of all local variables) is completely preserved until the next execution
* *cmp* _(scalar comp op)_ - compares values textually, gives results -1(lower than), 0 (equal), 1 (greater than), using the Order class
* *Code* - data typ for code references of any kind {section: co}
* *:code* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - quasi quoting, the commented will be compiles and the AST will be returned as result, see also: quasi
* _Coderef_ - reference (pointer) to an executable block of code (routine)
* *:codes* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching on codepoint level (between codepoints), (see also bytes, chars, graphs)
* *comb* _(array method)_ - takes another array as parameter and produces cross product of two arrays (like X operator), eg 1,2 X 3,4 == 1,3,1,4,2,3,2,4
* _compile time_ - the process when Perl converts source code to executable form
* *Complex* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Perl complex number
* *constant* _(var trait)_ - makes so declared var (_is constant_) a real constant
* *contend* _(block modifier)_ - marks a block as atomic, concurrent proceses have to wait
* _Context_ - when executing a function or operator Perl considers the expression from which the call was to return a scalar or other kind of result
* _Context variable_ - $_ is used by built in Perl functions as an implicit parameter
* *continue* _(flow control)_ - makes execution in a 'given' also try the following 'when' clauses
* *:continue*(<n>) - "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching from nth (n is an int) position (counting from 0) and then going to the right, short for ":c"
* *CONTROL* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block to catch control exceptions (like next/last/return etc), before LEAVE
* *Cool* "(undefined value type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Undefined types} - Perl 6 Convenient OO Loopbacks,
* *copy* "(parameter trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] parameter_traits} - read-writable copy of the original argument ("pass-by-value")
* *cross* _(list method)_ - alias to X operator: {{ @a X @b = (@a; @b).cross }}
* *crosswith* _(list method)_ - alias to X metaoperator: {{ @a X~ @b = (@a; @b).crosswith(&[~]) = (@a; @b).cross.slice.map { .reduce(&[~]) } }}
* _Currying_ - creating a subroutine as a derivate from another with certain parameter to be predefined

^^ D

* *:d* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - check if file is a directory
* *\D* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - nondigit
* *\d* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - digit
* *default* "(block modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Conditionals} - following block will be executed if no when clause in surrounding block matched
* _Declarative Programming_ - programming paradigm that expresses the logic of a computation without describing its control flow
* *defer* _(block modifier)_ -
* *defined* - scalar method tests whether a value has been assigned to a variable
* *delete* - removes a key and value from a hash
* _Design by Contract_ - programming style in which parameters and return values from routines must meet conditions; A signature is considered contract in Perl 6
* *die* - stop the program now and print a message on $*ERR
* *dim* - array dimensioning
* *div* - division, creates fraction objects in Integer context
* *do* - executes a block (do once loop)
* *does* - checks if an objekt inherits this role
* *:double* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - double quoting, "q" with interpolation of variables, alias to "...", qq /.../ and Q :s, :a, :h, :f, :c, :b /.../, long for ":qq"
* *Duration* - "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - The difference between two Instants
* *dynamic* "(parameter trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] parameter_traits} - parameter is an "environmental" variable, a lexical in the dynamic scope

^^ E

* *:e* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - tests if file exists
* *\E* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - anything but an escape character
* *\e* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - escape character
* *eager* - forces eager evaluation (now), default for scalars
* *elems* _(array method)_ - returns number of elements
* *else* "(block modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Conditionals} - introduces the alternative block after an 'if' or 'elsif'
* *elsif* "(block modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Conditionals} - alternative if clause
* *END* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block, executed at run time, ALAP, only ever runs once
* *ENTER* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block or statement, executed at every block entry time, repeats on loop blocks
* *Enum* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - An immutable Pair
* *enum* - creates a set
* *EnumMap* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - A mapping of Enums with no duplicate keys
* *eq* - equal, string comparison
* *equiv* "(routine trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_traits} - specifies the precedence of an operator same as an existing operator ("as seen here"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] table_of_precedence})
* *eqv* - compares the dynamic state of objects and values, in contrast with static ===
* *err* _(logical operator)_ - returns the first defined value from the left
* *:ex* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching at all positions as long as it findes something (with backtracking), short for ":exhaustive"
* *Exception* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Perl exception, errors or abnormal events interfering with normal execution, which Perl 6 can both generate and handle
* *:exec* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - quoted string will be executed and replaced with its result, alias to Q :x and qx //
* *:exhaustive* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching at all positions as long as it findes something (with backtracking), long for ":ex"
* *exists* - checks for existence of a variable or hash member, scalar method

^^ F

* *:f* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - file is a plain file (no socket or dir, ...etc.)
* *:f* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - demands evaluation of functions (subs and methods), that start with "&" and replacing them with the result, long form of ":function", included in "", qq and {{<<>>}}
* *\F* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - anything but form feed
* *\f* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - form feed
* *fail* - a return call (end this routine) that throws an exception
* *Failure* "(undefined value type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Undefined types} - data type object for an error, thrown by an unhandled exception
* *false* - boolean value aka Bool::False
* *FatRat* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Perl rational (unlimited precision in both parts)
* *ff* - flip flop operator in the style of awk, formerly .. in scalar context
* *fff* - flip flop operator in the style of sed, formerly ... in scalar context
* *FIRST* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block or statement, executed at loop initialization time, before any ENTER
* *flip* _(scalar string op)_ - reverses order of characters in strings
* *fmt* - method on a scalar, takes a format specifier returns a string, simplified sprintf
* *for* "(loop block modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Loops} - only iterates over a list
* *:function* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - demands evaluation of functions (subs and methods), that start with "&" and replacing them with the result, long form of ":f", included in "", qq and {{<<>>}}
* _Functional Programming_ - exclusively function based programming style, considered as a branch of Declarative Programming

^^ G

* *:g* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - report if file has setgid bit set
* *:g* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching for any finding (not just the first), short for :global
* *gather* _(block modifier)_ - performs the following block once, returns a list of all values passed by 'take'
* *ge* - greater than on equal, string comparison
* *get* _(handle method)_ - returns a line (scalar context) or all lines (array context) from that input stream
* *given* "(block modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Conditionals} - case construct puts a value into the context variable for when clauses
* *:global* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching for any finding (not just the first), long for :g
* *goto* "(flow control)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] jump_commands} - transfer execution to a defined label
* *grammar* - special kind of class to hold regex token and rule definitions
* *:graphs* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching on the level of language-independent graphemes, (see also bytes, chars, codes)
* *group* -
* *gt* - greater than or equal, string comparison

^^ H

* *:h* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - demands evaluation of hash variables, long form of ":hash", included in "", qq and {{<<>>}}
* *\H* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - anything but horizontal whitespace
* *\h* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - horizontal whitespace
* *handles* - delegates execution of a function to another method
* *HardRoutine* - "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - A routine that is committed to not changing
* *has* - creates an attribute for an object
* *Hash* "mutable type"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable types} - Perl hash, a two column table of *Scalar*, values in one column are keys to refer to the values in the other column
* *hash* "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers} - enforces hash-list context, alias to *%()*
* *:hash* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - demands evaluation of hash variables, long form of ":h", included in "", qq and {{<<>>}}
* *:heredoc* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - defines end marker for the following heredoc, :heredoc is equal to :to
* *HOW* "(introspection method)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] object_introspection} - (reserved for documentation)
* *hyper* - forces none-lazy list context, that ignores the order of results (allowes parallel computing)

^^ I

* *:i* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - uppercase and lowercase variants of a letter are taken as the same letter, short for ":ignorecase" (same as in Perl 5)
* *if* "(block modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Conditionals} - flow control conditional statement or block modifier, executes code only when a condition expression evaluates to true
* *:ignoreaccent* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - no distinction between same chars with or without accent (funny symbols above), short for ":a"
* *:ignorecase* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - uppercase and lowercase variants of a letter are taken as the same letter, long for ":i" (same as in Perl 5)
* *:ii* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - only for substitutions, replacing with chars that have the same case pattern as the replaced, short for ":samecase"
* *index* - finds the first occurrence of a substring from a position in a string
* *Inf* - infinity, to generate infinite lazy lists
* *infix* _(grammatical category)_ - operator namespace of ops, that are surrounded by whitespace (\w) between 2 vars or statements _($a + $b)_
* *INIT* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block or statement, executed at run time, ASAP, only ever runs once
* *inline* _(sub trait)_ -
* *Instant* - "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - A point on the continuous atomic timeline
* *Int* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Perl integer (allows Inf/NaN, arbitrary precision, etc.)
* *int* - extract a whole number value, discarding fractional part
* *invert* _(hash op & method)_ - inverts the key => value relation of pairs and hashes
* *IO* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - Perl filehandle
* *is* - bind a traits to a variable
* _Iteration_ - flow control, repeatedly executing a block
* *Iterator* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - Perl list

^^ J

* *join* _(array method & op)_ - concatenates list elements into a string, optionally inserting another string between the elements

^^ K

* *:k* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - report if file has sticky bit set
* *KEEP* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block, executed at every successful block exit, part of LEAVE queue
* *:keepall* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - forces subrules to memorize everything (even comments)
* *key* _(pair method)_ - gives the key part of a pair
* *KeyBag* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - KeyHash of UInt (does Bag in list/array context)
* *KeySet* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - KeyHash of Bool (does Set in list/array context)
* *keys* _(hash method)_ - returns list of hash keys
* *kv* _(hash method)_ - returns list of key-value pairs

^^ L

* *:l* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - file is a symbolic link
* *\L[<n>]* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - everything within the brackets is lowercase
* *LAST* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block, executed at loop termination time, after any LEAVE
* *last* "(flow control)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] jump_commands} - exit the current looping block
* *last* _(array method)_ - number of final element
* *lazy* - forces lazy evaluation (as late as possible)
* *lc* _(scalar string op & method)_ - make string lowercase
* *lcfirst* _(scalar string op & method)_ - make first char of a string lowercase
* *le* _(comparison op)_ - lower than or equal, string comparison
* *LEAVE* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block, executed at every block exit time
* *leave* "(flow control)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] jump_commands} - exit the current block with a return value
* *leg* _(comparison op)_ - lower/equal/greater comparator for text
* *let* - changes value of a variable temporary, it will be set back if the current block exits unsuccessfully
* *lines* _(handle method)_ - returns an lazy iterator over all chomped lines of that input stream
* *lines* _(io op)_ - reads a file and returns content as array of lines, works as above
* *loop* "(loop block modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Loops} - general flow control command for repetition
* *looser* "(routine trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_traits} - specifies the precedence of an operator lower than an existing operator ("as seen here"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] table_of_precedence})
* *lt* _(string comparison op)_ - lower than, string comparison

^^ M

* *m* "(regex quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - perform a regex based search in place ( stands for _match_ ), similar to rx _(quote regex op)_
* *Macro* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - Perl compile-time subroutine
* *macro* - define a routine to alter source code at compile time
* *map* - take a list, perform a block on each member, return a list of the results Arraymethode
* *Match* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - Perl match, usually produced by applying a pattern
* *match* - compare a string to a regex/token/rule, alias to smartmatch operator (~~)
* _match object_ - result of an regex operation
* *max* _(list op)_ - returns the numerically largest value from a given list
* *maybe* _(block modifier)_ -
* "metaoperator"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] metaoperators} - alters the meaning of other operators
* *Method* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - Perl method
* *method* - defines a method (inheritable routine) in a class
* *min* - returns the numerically smallest value from a given list
* *minmax* - returns the highest and lowest values from a list, as a 2 item list
* *mm* "(regex quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - perform a regex based search in place, spaces are just subrule separators, alias to m:sigspace /.../
* *mod* _(scalar op)_ - generic modulo operator
* *module* _(block modifier)_ - introduces a module name, a package that performs special actions on loading
* *Mu* "(undefined value type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Undefined types} - most (generic) undefined object
* *multi* "routine modifier"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_modifier} - marks routines with can have sibling with same name but different signature, when called, the one with matching sig is executed (multimethod dispatch)
* *my* _(var scope)_ - makes a variable or routine lexical, therefore exists and is valid only in the current scope (usually a block)

^^ N

* *\N* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - anything but (logical) newline
* *\n* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - (logical) newline
* <n> *:nd* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - demands the nth finding, has many aliases (:st :rd :th) for correct spelling (:2nd)
* *new* - creates a new object of a class, also name of the automatically called constructor method
* *NEXT* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block, executed at loop continuation time, before any LEAVE
* *next* "(flow control)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] jump_commands} - start the the next following loop iteration
* *none* - return true when a value is not part of a set, junctive NOT operator
* *not* - logical NOT operator, negates truth value, alternative to `!` with lower precedence
* *Num* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Perl number (approximate Real, generally via floating point)

^^ O

* *:O* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - tests if file is owned by real uid
* *:o* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - tests if file is owned by effective uid
* _Object Oriented Programming_ - programming paradigm (style), that arranges data and functions that belong together into so called objects
* *of* "(routine trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_traits} - inner type constraint that a routine imposes on its return value, eg subset Month of Int where { 1 <= $^a <= 12 }
* *one* - junctive XOR operator
* *only* "routine modifier"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_modifier} - permits only one routine of the same name in this block
* *or* - logical or operator
* *orelse* - logical OR short circuit operator, transferring an Error code from first to second block/command, if first do not succeed, similar to *//*
* *our* _(var scope)_ - makes a variable or subroutine name visible in all the current package
* *:ov* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching at all positions just one time (with backtracking), short for ":overlap"
* *:overlap* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching at all positions just one time (with backtracking), long for ":ov"

^^ P

* *:p* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - file is a named pipe (FIFO), or filehandle is a pipe
* *:p*(<n>) "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching only on the nth (n is an int) position (counting from 0), short for ":pos"
* *:P5* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - activate old Perl 5 regex rules, alias to :Perl5
* *p5=>* _(array op)_ - hash constructor, that works like in Perl 5, generates just a list that can converted in hash context to an hash
* *package* _(block modifier)_ - defines this Block or File as namespace (almost like in Perl 5), some uses are now better to do with "module" and "class"
* *Pair* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - A single key-to-value association
* *PairSeq* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - A Seq of Pairs
* *pair* _(context op)_ - force pair context
* *pairs* _(hash method)_ - returns all contents as an array or pairs (key,value)
* *:panic* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - overwriting a possible set :ratchet for all subrules (activates backtracking)
* _Parameter_ - value passed to a method or subroutine, mostly as part of the signature
* *Parcel* - "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Arguments in a comma list
* *parcel* "(parameter trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] parameter_traits} - raw reference, will not be contextualized
* *parsed* "(routine trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_traits} - this macro will be parsed once, it is hygienic, but own and later defined rules can't be applied, opposite of "reparsed"
* _Parsetree_ - hierarchical data representing the logical structure of a program
* *perl* - evaluates the following string or content of the var on which is called this method, functions with "say" like a better Data::Dumper
* *:Perl5* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - activate old Perl 5 regex rules, alias to :P5* *pick* _(array method)_ - select a number of random vaues
* "phaser"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure traits} - Perl 6 term for specially named subblocks withe special runtimes aka closure traits
* *pick* _(array method)_ - selects randomly elements from this list, optional parameter says how many
* _pipe_ - connection between 2 processes, move data (mostly only in one direction) without buffering
* _pointy block_ - a block that is given parameters with '->'
* *pop* _(array op & method)_ - removes and returns the last element in an array
* *:pos*(<n>) "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching only on the nth (n is an int) position (counting from 0), long for ":p"
* *POST* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block, assert postcondition, executed at every block exit, after LEAVE
* *postcircumfix* _(grammatical category)_ - operator namespace of ops, that stay after one statement or variable, but do surround a second (like braces in $a[2])
* *postfix* _(grammatical category)_ - operator namespace of ops, that stay after a statement or variable (like $a++)
* *PRE* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block, assert precondition, executed at every block entry, before ENTER
* *prefix* _(grammatical category)_ - operator namespace of ops, that stay before a statement or variable (like ++$a)
* *print* - sends characters to an output stream without adding a newline, see 'say'
* *printf* - formats text and sends it to standard output
* *prompt* - "print"ing text and reading the answer (a line from $*IN - formerly STDIN)
* _property_ - metadata set at runtime
* *proto* "routine modifier"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_modifier} - fallback for multi, if no multi routines signature matches the callers, a proto with same name is executed
* *push* _(array op & method)_ - adds a list of values to the end of an array

^^ Q

* *Q* "(generalized quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - understands a "list of adverbs"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] quoting_ops_and_adverbs}
* *q* "(quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - simple quoting (slashes and '), alias to '...' and Q :q /.../ and Q :single /.../
* *:q* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - simple quoting (slashes and '), alias to '...' and q /.../, short for ":single"
* *\Q[<n>]* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - all metacharacters within the brackets match as literal characters
* *quote* _(grammatical category)_ - operator namespace, used to define new quoting ops with a macro
* *quote_mod* _(grammatical category)_ - operator namespace, used to define new quoting adverbs
* *:quotewords* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - split quoted string on words (on whitespaces) with quote protection (like in shell - '' and "" sourround words), long form of ":quotewords", used in {{< ... > and << ... >>}}
* *qq* "(quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - double quoting, "q" with interpolation of variables, alias to "..." and Q :s, :a, :h, :f, :c, :b /.../ and Q :qq // and Q :double //
* *:qq* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - double quoting, "q" with interpolation of variables, alias to "...", qq /.../ and Q :s, :a, :h, :f, :c, :b /.../, short for ":double"
* *quasi* _(block modifier)_ - quasi quoting, the commented will be compiles and the AST will be returned as result, see also: code
* *qw* "(quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - splits result on words (as in P5), alias to Q :q :w //
* *qx* "(quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - execute as command and return results (as in P5), alias to Q :x //

^^ R

* *R*<op> "(meta op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Metaoperators} - reverse operands
* *:R* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - check if file is readable by real uid/gid
* *:r* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - check if file is readable by effective uid/gid
* *\R* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - anything but return
* *\r* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - return (CR), as in Perl 5
* *rand* - generate a floating point random number between 0.0 and 1.0
* *Range* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - A pair of ordered endpoints
* *RangeIter* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - Iterator over a Range
* _Range Operator_ - written as '..' in scalar context defines set of possible values for smartmatch, in list context makes a list of successive values
* *Rat* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Perl rational (exact Real, limited denominator)
* *:ratchet* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - deactivates backtracking, search starts at pos, where last match ended
* <n> *:rd* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - demands the nth finding, has many aliases (:st :nd :th) for correct spelling (:3rd)
* *readline* - now called 'get', reads from an input stream until the next newline
* *readonly* "(parameter trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] parameter_traits} - immutable parameter
* *redo* "(flow control)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] jump_commands} - re-starts processing of the current loop turn
* *reduce* _(list method)_ - alias to {{[ ]}} "metaoperator"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] metaoperators}: {{ [+] @a = @a.reduce(&[+]) }}
* _Reference_ - address of data in memory, often termed a Capture in Perl 6
* *Regex* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - Perl pattern
* *regex* - (routine type) - a pattern definition (without :ratchet and :sigspace), can be put in a grammar, similar to qr/.../ in Perl 5
* *:regex* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - parse as quoted string as regex
* _Regular Expression_ - in Perl5: pattern matching notation, either regex, token or rule in Perl6
* *parsed* "(routine trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_traits} - after parsing this macro, it will be reparsed, so that not hygienic, but its own and later defined rules can be applied, opposite of "parsed"
* *repeat* "(loop block modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Loops} - initial command for while or until loops that have their condtion at the end
* *return* "(flow control)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] jump_commands} - leaves a subroutine and sets the return value
* *returns* - sub trait describing the type of value produced by a function
* *reverse* _(array method)_ - returns all the members in the opposite order. Use "flip" to turn a string back to front and "invert" for hashes
* *rindex* - finds the last occurrence before a given position, of a substring within a string
* *role* - container for methods that can extend a class using does
* *Routine* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - Base class for all wrappable executable objects
* *rule* - alias for "regex :ratchet :sigspace" in a grammar, see regex, token
* _Runtime_ - time when software is being used (not compiletime), or software components necessary for that, or length of time to execute
* *rw* "(routine trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_traits} - marks a subroutine as returning an lvalue
* *rw* "(parameter trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] parameter_traits} - mutable parameter (rw stands for: read write)
* *:rw* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - gives the regex the right to change the string (operand)
* *rx* "(regex quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - creates anonymous regex, that can me then assigned into a var, alias to Q :regex // and regex _(block modificator)_

^^ S

* *S*<op> "(meta op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Metaoperators} - force sequential (synchronous) evaluation, ; suppresses any explicit or implicit parallelism
* *s* "(regex quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - perform a substitution based on rx-matches in place, creates anonymous regex, alias to Q :subst // and subst _(block modificator)_
* *:S* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - file is a socket
* *:s* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - file has size greater than 0
* *:s* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - demands evaluation of scalar variables, long form of ":scalar", included in "", qq and {{<<>>}}
* *:s* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - whitespace separates now subregex and don't stand for spaces to look for, short for ":sigspace", mm// is alias to m:sigspace//
* *\S* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - anything but whitespace
* *\s* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - any whitespace character (\h or \v or \t)
* *:sameaccent* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - only for substitutions, replacing with chars that have the same accent pattern as the replaced, long for ":aa"
* *:samecase* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - only for substitutions, replacing with chars that have the same case pattern as the replaced, long for ":ii"
* *:samespace* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - smart space mapping for substitutions, long for ":ss", ss// is alias to s:samespace///, (ss/teh hsa/the has/;)
* *say* - a function like print that also appends a newline (\n)
* *Scalar* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable types} - Perl scalar, variable that holds a single value
* *scalar()* "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers} - forces scalar context, alias to *$()*
* *:scalar* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - demands evaluation of scalar variables, long form of ":s", included in "", qq and {{<<>>}}
* _Scope_ - the block of code within which an identifier is usable
* *seed* - initialize a random number generator, optionally with a value
* *Seq* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - A list of values (can be generated lazily)
* *SeqIter* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - Iterator over a Seq
* *Set* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - unordered collection of values that allows no duplicates
* *sigil* _(grammatical category)_ - word to name the namespace for sigils, used to redifine them or define your own with a macro
* *Signature* - "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Function parameters (left-hand side of a binding), surrounded by round parentheses
* *signature* "(routine trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_traits} - signature of a subroutine. Normally declared implicitly, by providing a parameter list and/or return type
* *:sigspace* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - whitespace separates now subregex and don't stand for spaces to look for, long for for ":s", mm// is alias to m:sigspace//
* *:single* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - simple quoting (slashes and '), alias to '...' and q /.../, long for ":q"
* *slice* _(list method)_ - forces slice context on a value, meaning a list which values are not contextualized further (can be lists themthelves); alias to {{ @@ }} "(conext op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Contextualizers}
* _slice_ - part of an array or list
* *Slicel* - "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Arguments in a semicolon list (or equiv, like Z)
* *slurp* (io op and file handle method) - reads a entire file into a string
* _slurpy Array_ - array parameter that receives all (slurps) all optional subroutine arguments
* *SoftRoutine* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - A routine that is committed to staying mutable
* *special_variable* _(grammatical category)_ - namespace to define and redefine special variables with a macro
* *split* - makes an array of substrings from a string and a separator
* *sprintf* - like printf but returns the string instead of outputting it
* *ss* "(regex quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - performs rx based substitution, spaces are just subrule separators, alias to s:samespace/.../.../, e.g.: ss/teh hsa/the has/;
* *:ss* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - only for for substitution, whitespace separates subregexes like :sigspace, but also in the second part, short for ":samespace"
* <n> *:st* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - demands the nth finding, has many aliases (:nd :rd :th) for correct spelling (:1st)
* *START* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block or statement, executed on first ever execution, once per closure clone
* *Stash* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - A symbol table hash (package, module, class, lexpad, etc)
* *state* - declares variables known only in the enclosing block, that retain their values between invocations
* *Str* "(immutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] immutable_types} - Perl string (finite sequence of Unicode characters)
* _String_ - series of characters, text
* *Sub* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - Perl subroutine object
* *sub* _(block modifier)_ - defines a subroutine
* *Submethod* "(mutable type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] mutable_types} - Perl subroutine acting like a method
* *submethod* _(block modifier)_ - defines methods, not inherited by subclasses
* _Subroutine_ - block of code callable by name
* *subset* - define a subtype, eg subset Month of Int where { 1 <= $^a <= 12 }
* *subst* _(quote op)_ - scalar method to perform substitution, alias to s///
* *:subst* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - parse as substitution
* *substr* - the scalar substring function like in Perl 5

^^ T

* *:t* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - filehandle is opened to a tty (terminal)
* *\T* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - anything but a tab
* *\t* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - tab, not visible character
* *take* - produces a return value in a gather block
* *temp* - defines variables as temporary, synonym for the Perl 5 "local"
* *term* _(grammatical category)_ - namespace of terms, used to redifine them or make a new with a macro
* <n> *:th* "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - demands the nth finding, has many aliases (:st :nd :rd) for correct spelling (:2nd)
* *tighter* "(routine trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_traits} - specifies the precedence of an operator higher than an existing operator ("as seen here"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] table_of_precedence})
* *:to* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - defines end marker for the following heredoc, :to is short for :heredoc
* *token* - kind of regex :ratchet (no backtracking), part of a grammar
* _Topicalizer_ - every keyword that sets the $_ variable, eg given, for
* *touch* (filehandle method) - update timestamps on a file
* *tr* "(quoting op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Ops} - transliteration (as in Perl 5), translating some character in a string into others, alias to Q :trans ///
* _Trait_ - additional property of a variable, defined at compile time, see but
* *:trans* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - evals the quoted as transliteration aka tr ///
* *triangle* _(list method)_ - alias to {{[\ ]}} "metaoperator"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] metaoperators}: {{ [\+] @a = @a.triangle(&[+]) }}
* *true* _(term)_ - converts value into the boolean context, low precedence alternative to "?"
* *true* - boolean value aka Bool::True
* *trusts* - allows a class the acess to otherwised sealed namespaces
* "Twigil"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Twigils} - second(ary) Sigil indicating a special property of a variable
* *twigil* _(grammatical category)_ - word to name the namespace for twigils, used to redifine them or define your own with a macro

^^ U

* *:u* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - report if file has setuid bit set
* *\U[<n>]* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - everything within the brackets is uppercase
* *uc* - make all string chars uppercase
* *ucfirst* - make first char of a string uppercase
* *UNDO* "(closure trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] closure_traits} - marks a special block, executed at every unsuccessful block exit, part of LEAVE queue
* *unless* "(block modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Conditionals} - flow control modifier, opposite of if, runs block if expression is false
* *until* "(block modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Loops} - opposite of while, runs block repeatedly is long as expression is false
* *unwrap* - remove an enclosing subroutine
* *use* - load a module, import definitions, check Perl version

^^ V

* *\V* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - anything but vertical whitespace
* *\v* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - vertical whitespace
* *value* _(pair method)_ - gets value (second) value of a pair
* *values* _(hash method)_ - returns an array of just the values

^^ W

* *:W* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - check if file is writeable by real uid/gid
* *:w* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - check if file is writeable by effective uid/gid
* *:w* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - split quoted string on words (on whitespaces), no quote protection, short form of ":words", used in qw//
* *\W* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - anything but a word character
* *\w* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - word character (Unicode alphanumeric plus "_")
* *want* - produces a signature object that provides information about the context from which the current routine was called
* *warn* - prints a message on $*ERR
* *WHAT* "(introspection method)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] object_introspection} - short name of the class that an object belongs to
* *Whatever* "(undefined value type)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Undefined types} - Wildcard (like Any, but subject to do-what-I-mean via multi method dispatch)
* *WHEN* "(introspection method)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] object_introspection} - (reserved for events?)
* *WHENCE* "(introspection method)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] object_introspection} - autovivification of closures
* *when* "(block modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Conditionals} - executes its code block if a 'given' value smartmatches
* *WHERE* "(introspection method)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] object_introspection} - memory address of the object
* *where* - defines subtypes of data, eg subset Month of Int where { 1 <= $^a <= 12 }
* *WHICH* "(introspection method)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] object_introspection} - object ID (type)
* *while* "(loop block modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Loops} - flow control modifier runs block repeatedly as long as en expression is true
* *WHO* "(introspection method)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] object_introspection} - package, that support that object, long name in string context
* *WHY* "(introspection method)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] object_introspection} - (reserved for documentation)
* *will do* "(routine trait)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] routine_traits} - block of code executed when the subroutine is called. Normally declared implicitly, by providing a block after the subroutine's signature definition
* *:words* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - split quoted string on words (on whitespaces), no quote protection, long form of ":w", used in qw//
* *wrap* - creates enveloping subroutine
* *:ww* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - split quoted string on words (on whitespaces) with quote protection (like in shell - '' and "" sourround words), short form of ":quotewords", used in {{< ... > and << ... >>}}

^^ X

* *X* _(list op)_ - Cross product of two arrays, eg 1,2 X 3,4 == 1,3,1,4,2,3,2,4 ; alias of comb method
* *x* _(scalar string op)_ - string replicate operator to single string, eg 'ab' x 3 == 'ababab'
* *X*<op> "(meta op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Metaoperators} - Cross product with hyper operator, eg <a b> X~ <y z> == <ay az by bz>
* *:X* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - check if file is executable by real uid/gid
* *:x* "(filetest op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Filetest Ops} - check if file is executable by effective uid/gid
* *:x* "(quoting adverb)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Quoting Adverbs} - quoted string will be executed and replaced with its result, alias to Q :exec and qx //
* *:x*(<n>) "(regex modifier)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Regex Modifier} - searching n times (n is an int) with this pattern
* *\X[<n>]* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - anything but the character given in hexadecimal (brackets optional)
* *\x[<n>]* "escape sequence"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Escape Sequences} - character given in hexadecimal (brackets optional)
* *xor* _(scalar bool op)_ - boolean exclusive or operator, only true if only one operand is true
* *xx* _(scalar string op)_ - string replicate operator to array, eg 'ab' xx 3 == <ab ab ab>

^^ Y

* _yadda operator_ - placeholder for later to be written code, because in empty routines are forbidden, comes in 3 flavours: ..., ??? and !!!

^^ Z

* *Z* _(list op)_ - alias to zip _(list op)_ , joines 2 lists eg 1,2,3,4 Z 8,9 == 1,8,2,9
* *Z*<op> "(meta op)"{link: [perl_6_lookup_tablet] Metaoperators} - joines the values from same position of 2 lists with following operator and produces in that manner a new list
* *zip* _(list op & method)_ - zip operator, joines 2 lists, alias to Z operator {{ @a Z @b = (@a; @b).zip }}
* *zipwith* _(list method)_ - alias to Z metaoperator: {{ @a Z~ @b = (@a; @b).zipwith(&[~]) = (@a; @b).zip.slice.map { .reduce(&[~]) } }}

{link: A} | {link: B} | {link: C} | {link: D} | {link: E} | {link: F} | {link: G} | {link: H} | {link: I} | {link: J} | {link: K} | {link: L} | {link: M} | {link: N} | {link: O} | {link: P} | {link: Q} | {link: R} | {link: S} | {link: T} | {link: T} | {link: U} | {link: V} | {link: W} | {link: X} | {link: Y} | {link: Z}

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"Overview"[Perl 6 Tablets] - _Chapter:_ "0:Intr"[Perl 6 Intro Tablet], "1:Hist"[Perl 6 History Tablet], "2:Design"[Perl 6 Language Design Tablet], "3:Var"[Perl 6 Variables Tablet], "4:Op"[Perl 6 Operators Tablet], 5:IO, 6:{}, 7:Sub, 8:OOP, 9:Rx - _Appendices:_ *"A:Index"[Perl 6 Index Tablet]*, "B:Tables"[Perl 6 Lookup Tablet], "C:Best of"[Best Of Perl 6 Tablet], "D:Delta"[Perl 6 Delta Tablet], "E:Links"[Perl 6 Links Tablet]

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