Perl 6
Perl 6 Delta Tablet: Revision 1
"Overview"[Perl 6 Tablets] - Chapter: "0:Intr"[Perl 6 Intro Tablet], "1:Hist"[Perl History Table], "2:Design"[Perl Language Design Table], "3:Var"[Perl Variables Table], "4:Op"[Perl Operators Table], 5:IO, 6:{}, 7:Sub, 8:OOP, 9:Rx - Appendices: "A:Index"[Perl 6 Index Tablet], "B:Tables"[Perl 6 Lookup Tablet], "C:Best of"[Best Of Perl 6 Tablet], *"D:Delta"[Perl 6 Delta Tablet]*, "E:Links"[Perl 6 Links Tablet]
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{toc: }
This summary lists things people should be aware of, that change from Perl 5 to 6.
^^ Changes
* use strict and warnings are on by default
* consistent sigils: so @array[1] replaces $array[1] and %hash{'key'} replaces $hash{'key'} or @hash{'key', 'key2'}
* arrays, hashes, formats, directories and filehandles are internal objects with procedural Interfaces and can be saved in scalar variables.
* special variables have their own namespace ($VARNAME and $?VARNAME), also token (__LINE__) will now be found there
* Methods: . (dot) replaces -> (arrow) : object.method;
* concatenate strings: ~ (tilde) instead of . (dot): $string = 'Shinmen Musahashi: ' ~ 'Sho Rin No Sho';
* smartmatch (regex and more): ~~ instead of =~
* < ... > replaces qw( ... )(exists still): interpolating << ... >>
* ternary operator: ?? ... !! ... instead of ? ... : ...
* no more 'foreach'. 'for' now iterates only on arrays
* c-style loops: loop ( ; ; ) instead of for ( ; ; )
* after loop flow control: repeat { ... } while ... ; replaces do { ... } while (...);
* define classes with 'class' and modules with 'module'
* no more source filters, but macros
* no more references, bind variables on the symbol table
^^ News
* new contexts: hashlist, lazy list, bool, int, num, string
* optional typing, traits (properties of variables), binding
* loop and say commands
* zip, err, yadda and pipe operators
* hyper / reduction operators
* chained comparison operators
* case construct with given and when
* junctions : if $a = 1|2|3
* currying
* smartmatch / rules (regex++, own sublanguage within the language like in Rebol)
* named parameters for subroutines, multimethods, coroutines
* more explicit OOP:
** autogenerated getters/setters
** roles (similar to Ruby's Mixins, or Java's Interfaces)
* delegation, design by contract (Eiffel)
* exceptions, continuations
* macros
^^ Native Perl 6
* no parentheses required for control expressions after if, unless, while ... (but still allowed)
* $hash<key> instead of $hash{'key'}, or $hash<<key>> instead of $hash{"key"}
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"Overview"[Perl 6 Tablets] - Chapter: "0:Intr"[Perl 6 Intro Tablet], "1:Hist"[Perl History Table], "2:Design"[Perl Language Design Table], "3:Var"[Perl Variables Table], "4:Op"[Perl Operators Table], 5:IO, 6:{}, 7:Sub, 8:OOP, 9:Rx - Appendices: "A:Index"[Perl 6 Index Tablet], "B:Tables"[Perl 6 Lookup Tablet], "C:Best of"[Best Of Perl 6 Tablet], *"D:Delta"[Perl 6 Delta Tablet]*, "E:Links"[Perl 6 Links Tablet]
----
----
{toc: }
This summary lists things people should be aware of, that change from Perl 5 to 6.
^^ Changes
* use strict and warnings are on by default
* consistent sigils: so @array[1] replaces $array[1] and %hash{'key'} replaces $hash{'key'} or @hash{'key', 'key2'}
* arrays, hashes, formats, directories and filehandles are internal objects with procedural Interfaces and can be saved in scalar variables.
* special variables have their own namespace ($VARNAME and $?VARNAME), also token (__LINE__) will now be found there
* Methods: . (dot) replaces -> (arrow) : object.method;
* concatenate strings: ~ (tilde) instead of . (dot): $string = 'Shinmen Musahashi: ' ~ 'Sho Rin No Sho';
* smartmatch (regex and more): ~~ instead of =~
* < ... > replaces qw( ... )(exists still): interpolating << ... >>
* ternary operator: ?? ... !! ... instead of ? ... : ...
* no more 'foreach'. 'for' now iterates only on arrays
* c-style loops: loop ( ; ; ) instead of for ( ; ; )
* after loop flow control: repeat { ... } while ... ; replaces do { ... } while (...);
* define classes with 'class' and modules with 'module'
* no more source filters, but macros
* no more references, bind variables on the symbol table
^^ News
* new contexts: hashlist, lazy list, bool, int, num, string
* optional typing, traits (properties of variables), binding
* loop and say commands
* zip, err, yadda and pipe operators
* hyper / reduction operators
* chained comparison operators
* case construct with given and when
* junctions : if $a = 1|2|3
* currying
* smartmatch / rules (regex++, own sublanguage within the language like in Rebol)
* named parameters for subroutines, multimethods, coroutines
* more explicit OOP:
** autogenerated getters/setters
** roles (similar to Ruby's Mixins, or Java's Interfaces)
* delegation, design by contract (Eiffel)
* exceptions, continuations
* macros
^^ Native Perl 6
* no parentheses required for control expressions after if, unless, while ... (but still allowed)
* $hash<key> instead of $hash{'key'}, or $hash<<key>> instead of $hash{"key"}
----
"Overview"[Perl 6 Tablets] - Chapter: "0:Intr"[Perl 6 Intro Tablet], "1:Hist"[Perl History Table], "2:Design"[Perl Language Design Table], "3:Var"[Perl Variables Table], "4:Op"[Perl Operators Table], 5:IO, 6:{}, 7:Sub, 8:OOP, 9:Rx - Appendices: "A:Index"[Perl 6 Index Tablet], "B:Tables"[Perl 6 Lookup Tablet], "C:Best of"[Best Of Perl 6 Tablet], *"D:Delta"[Perl 6 Delta Tablet]*, "E:Links"[Perl 6 Links Tablet]
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